A corner of the 2026 Zhongguancun Forum in Beijing on March 25, 2026 Photo: VCG

　　As the 2026 Zhongguancun Forum (ZGC Forum) opened in Beijing on Wednesday, the Top 10 Scientific Advances of 2025 in China were unveiled, spanning fields from aerospace to semiconductors. Chinese and foreign scientists and investors at the event lauded the country"s innovation momentum and commercialization prospects.

　　The top 10 list includes first insights into the lunar far side"s evolutionary history and giant impact effects derived from Chang"e-6 samples, an innovative method for large-scale fabrication of flexible and ultraflat diamond membranes, and controlled nuclear fusion devices that achieve "hundred-million-degree" operational conditions. The National Natural Science Foundation of China announced the Top 10 Scientific Advances in China of 2025 at the opening ceremony of the ZGC Forum.

　　Other selected advances include a full-featured hybrid 2D/silicon flash memory chip, the creation of high-performance flexible tandem solar cells for aerospace applications through novel interfacial regulation methods, and deciphering how ceramide receptors negatively respond to microbiotaderived metabolites to regulate disease onset.

　　At an expert forum held during the afternoon, Chinese experts in relevant fields elaborated on the significance and commercial prospects of the top 10 scientific advances, noting that these achievements reflect China"s steady progress in strengthening independent scientific and technological development.