大自然当然不会为人类专门“设计”喷嘴、传感器或弹射器。但在漫长演化中，能用经济的材料更有效地解决穿刺、抓取、承重、感知和运动等现实问题的生物，更容易获得生存和繁殖优势。由此形成的器官和组织，有时恰好拥有人工制造难以低成本复制的尺度与结构。也许将来会有一些机器，它们的部分零件并不是生产线上制造出来的，而是在某个生物身上长出来的。

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　　策划制作

　　作者丨杨超 深圳理工大学科普中心负责人 中国科普作家协会会员

　　审核丨殷海生 中科院上海昆虫博物馆研究员级高级工程师